Answer to Question 1
D
When patients use such black-and-white words as always or never, reframing helps them put things into perspective.
When a patient cannot articulate fears, reflection is an appropriate technique.
When a patient is confused and unable to articulate concerns, clarification may be useful, with the nurse validating what the patient is trying to say.
When a patient pauses the conversation, summarization is beneficial to provide a short synopsis of the conversation so that both parties can review it.
Answer to Question 2
C
Nurses interact with patients on a frequent basis and so are positioned to prevent medical errors as much as 90 of the time.
Nurses should play a leadership role in all patient care situations, but this is not the best answer for this question because in many work environments, nurses still take a subservient role.
Nurses are taught communication skills in nursing school, but nurses and other health care providers are taught to communicate in very different ways.
Nurses do provide some care that is considered risky, such as medication administration, but physicians often provide the riskiest care, such as operations and invasive procedures.
The nurse is using Standard Precautions to draw blood.
Photo of the neck of a patient with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma showing the swelling associated with enla
Scheduling patient appointments by telephone.
Medical assistant interviewing a patient.
Patient with osteoarthritis.
Medical Gymnasts Assist Patient in Performing Movements, 1909.