Answer to Question 1
D
Flank pain and calcium phosphate crystals are associated with renal calculi. An intravenous pyelogram allows the provider to observe pathological problems such as obstruction of the ureter. A renal ultrasound is performed to identify gross structures. A bladder scan measures the amount of urine in the bladder. A KUB x-ray shows size, shape, symmetry, and location of the kidneys.
Answer to Question 2
A
Incisional pain is an appropriate etiology for a nursing diagnosis. It is a condition that identifies the cause of a client's response to a health problem that the nurse can treat or manage.
Poor hygiene practices would not be an appropriate etiology for a nursing diagnosis because it insinuates the nurse's prejudicial judgement.
Needs bedpan frequently is not an appropriate etiology because it identifies a nursing interven-tion, not an etiology.
Inadequate prescription of medication by the physician is not an appropriate etiology because it identifies the nurse's problem, not the client's problem. The nursing diagnosis should centre attention on client needs.
Administration of the Rinne test.
Patient teaching: rectal and anal assessment
Order and Duration of Sleep Stages Through a Typical Night
An example of a medical history sheet to list patient problems.
Pneumonia patient’s chest x-ray. Note the irregular areas of density.
The Ames test, which screens compounds for potential mutagenicity