Answer to Question 1
B
Anniversary reactions can reopen grief processes. A nurse should openly acknowledge the loss and talk about the common renewal of grief feeling around the anniversary of the individual's death. This facilitates normal mourning. The nurse is not attempting to alleviate a physical pain. The actions are of open communication, not evaluation. Palliative care refers to comfort measures for symptom relief.
Answer to Question 2
D
In decentralized management, decision making is moved down to the level of staff. The ad-vantage of this structure is that managers and staff are actively involved in shaping an organiza-tion's identity and determining its success.
If decentralized decision making is in place, professional staff have a voice in identifying the RN role. Each RN on the work team is responsible for knowing his or her role and how it is to be implemented on the nursing unit.
In decentralized management, autonomy exists (freedom to decide and act). The nurse manager does not necessarily handle the difficult decisions. Those staff members who are best informed about a problem or issue make decisions on the basis of their knowledge.
Communication pathways are not necessarily simplified in a decentralized management structure.
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