Answer to Question 1
A
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A Standards of care are legal guidelines for nursing practice.
B Standards of care are created by national and provincial or territorial nursing organizations.
C Standards of care apply to nursing in all settings, not just institutional settings.
D Standards of care are used in negligence lawsuits in order to determine whether the nurse has acted as any reasonably prudent nurse in a similar setting would act.
Answer to Question 2
C
To meet the psychosocial needs of an immobilized client, the nurse should encourage the client to be involved in his or her care whenever possible. Asking the client if the staff can make changes in routine care is an appropriate question.
Visitors should not be limited for the immobilized client. The client needs socialization throughout the day.
If possible, the client should be placed in a room with others who are mobile and interactive.
Clients should be encouraged to wear their glasses or artificial teeth and to shave or apply makeup. These are activities through which people maintain their body image. The nurse provides for the psychosocial needs of an immobilized client by having the client perform as much self-care as possible. However, the nurse should first encourage the client to discuss his or her care.
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A cowbird with its foster parent. A female cowbird minimizes her cost of parental care by laying her