While working on a postoperative unit, the nurse is applying ...

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While working on a postoperative unit, the nurse is applying elements of self-care theory, and is assisting a client to attain and manage self-care in wound management. Which one of the fol-lowing nursing pioneers developed this theory?
 
  a. Florence Nightingale
  b. Virginia Henderson
  c. Dorothea Orem
  d. Hildegard Peplau

Question 2

The nurse is discussing lack of sleep with a middle-aged adult. The nurse recognizes that insomnia in this age group is commonly due to
 
  a. Anxiety.
  b. Teenagers keeping them awake.
  c. Caring for pets.
  d. Late night television.

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Answer to Question 1

C
The goal of Orem's theory is to help the client perform self-care.
The goal of Nightingale's theory is to shift the focus from the disease process toward an envi-ronment conducive to healing.
Henderson defined nursing practice as assisting the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities that will contribute to health, recovery, or a peaceful death.
Peplau's theory defined the core of nursing as the interpersonal relationship between the nurse and the client.

Answer to Question 2

A
During middle adulthood, the total time spent sleeping at night begins to decline. Anxiety, depression, and illness can affect sleep, and women can experience menopausal symptoms. Insomnia is common because of the changes and stresses associated with middle age. Teenagers, caring for pets, and late night television can influence the amount of sleep; however, these are not the most common causes of insomnia in this age group.

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