Leininger (1991) identified three nursing decision and action ...

[Engineer]

Leininger (1991) identified three nursing decision and action modes to achieve culturally congruent care. These modes are cultural care preservation or maintenance, cultural care accommodation, and cultural care repatterning.
 
   When assessing patients during the admission process, the nurse utilizes a. These action modes in a distinct order.
  b. These action modes individually, one at a time.
  c. Only one action mode per patient.
  d. All these action modes simultaneously.

Question 2

In describing the sleep patterns of older adults, the nurse recognizes that which of the following statements is true?
 
  a. Older adults are more difficult to arouse.
  b. Older adults require more sleep than middle-aged adults.
  c. Older adults take less time to fall asleep.
  d. Older adults have a decline in stage 4 sleep.

[trog]

Answer to Question 1

D
Nurses are able to use any or all of these action modes simultaneously. These actions require that nurses have knowledge of the patient's culture and have the willingness, commitment, and skills to work with patients and families in decision making. The outcome sought through these actions and decisions is meaningful, supportive, and facilitative care as judged by the patient.

Answer to Question 2

D

Feedback
A As people age, they do not become more difficult to arouse.
B The older adult does not require more sleep than the middle-aged adult.
C An older adult awakens more often during the night, and it may take more time for an older adult to fall asleep.
D As people age, a progressive decrease occurs in stages 3 and 4 NREM sleep; some older adults have almost no stage 4, or deep sleep.

[Engineer]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[mcabuhat]

Excellent