A diabetic patient is brought into the emergency department ...

[natalie2426]

A diabetic patient is brought into the emergency department unresponsive. The arterial pH is 7.28. Besides the blood pH, which clinical manifestation is seen in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and ketoacidosis?
 
  a. Decreased hunger sensation
  b. Report of no urine output
  c. Increased respiratory rate
  d. Decreased thirst

Question 2

What is the nurse's best response about developing diabetes to the patient whose father has type 1 diabetes mellitus?
 
  a. You have a greater susceptibility for development of the disease because of your family history.
  b. Your risk is the same as the general population, because there is no genetic risk for development of type 1 diabetes.
  c. Type 1 diabetes is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Therefore the risk for becoming diabetic is 50.
  d. Because you are a woman and your father is the parent with diabetes, your risk is not increased for eventual development of the disease. However, your brothers will become diabetic.

[jrpg123456]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Ketoacidosis decreases the pH of the blood, stimulating the respiratory control area of the brain to buffer the effects of the increasing acidosis. The rate and depth of respirations are increased (Kussmaul's respirations) to excrete more acids by exhalation. Usually polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger), and polyuria (increased urine output) are seen with hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Even though type 1 diabetes does not follow a specific genetic pattern of inheritance, those with one parent with type 1 diabetes are at an increased risk for development of the disease.