A client has been working hard in rehab following a traumatic ...

[Jkov05]

A client has been working hard in rehab following a traumatic brain injury. She has a weak support system in that her family lives a far distance awayand her co-workers are not involved.
 
  Which of the following behavior-specific cognitions will the nurse focus on to assist this client with success in the rehab course?
  1. Situational influences
  2. Perceived benefits of action
  3. Perceived barriers to action
  4. Interpersonal influences

Question 2

A client has joined a fitness club and is working with the nurse to design a program for weight reduction and increased muscle tone.
 
  The client has tried exercise in the past with success, but has not been participating in a program for some time. In order to assess the potential for success with this client, the nurse should evaluate which of the behavior-specific cognitions?
  1. Interpersonal influences
  2. Perceived benefits of action
  3. Situational influences
  4. Perceived self-efficacy

[zhanghao]

Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Situational influences are direct and indirect influences on health-promoting behaviors and include perceptions of available options, demand characteristics, and the aesthetic features of the environment.
Rationale 2: Perceived benefits of action affect the person's plan to participate in health-promoting behaviors and may facilitate continued practice.
Rationale 3: Perceived barriers to action may be real or imagined and may affect health-promoting behaviors by decreasing the individual's commitment to a plan of action.
Rationale 4: Interpersonal influences are a person's perceptions concerning the behaviors, beliefs, or attitudes of others. Family, peers, and health professionals are sources of interpersonal influences that can affect a person's health-promoting behaviors. Since this particular client does not have a close support system, the nurse will look to other possibilities (i.e., the other health professionals involved in the client's care such as other nurses, therapists, and physicians).

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Interpersonal influences are a person's perceptions concerning the behaviors, beliefs, or attitudes of othersincluding family, peers, and health professionals who can influence their success.
Rationale 2: Behavior-specific cognitions and affect are considered to be of major motivational significance for acquiring and maintaining health-promoting behaviors. Perceived benefits of action affect the person's plan to participate in health-promoting behaviors and may facilitate continued practice. If this client has prior positive experience with the behavior or observations of others engaged in the behavior, he or she may be motivated to success.
Rationale 3: Situational influences are direct and indirect influences on health-promoting behaviors and include perceptions of options, demand characteristics, and the aesthetic features of the environment.
Rationale 4: Perceived self-efficacy refers to the conviction that a person can successfully carry out the behavior necessary to achieve a desired outcome.

[Jkov05]

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