The nurse understands that the client with which of the following ...

[SO00]

The nurse understands that the client with which of the following conditions is at risk for ob-structive sleep apnea?
 
  1. Heart disease
  2. Respiratory tract infections
  3. Nasal polyps
  4. Obesity

Question 2

The physiology of sleep is complex. Which of the following is the most appropriate statement in regard to this process?
 
  1. Ultradian rhythms occur in a cycle longer than 24 hours.
  2. Nonrapid eye movement (NREM) refers to the cycle that most clients experience when in a high-stimulus environment.
  3. The reticular activating system is partly responsible for the level of consciousness of a person.
  4. The bulbar synchronizing region (BSR) causes the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in most normal adults.

[irishcancer18]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: 3
Structural abnormalities, such as a deviated septum, nasal polyps, certain jaw configurations, or enlarged tonsils predispose a client to obstructive apnea. Individuals with mixed apnea often have signs and symptoms of right-sided heart failure. Respiratory tract infections do not predis-pose a client to obstructive sleep apnea. Clients with obstructive apnea are often middle-age, obese men. Obesity itself does not predispose a client to obstructive sleep apnea.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: 3
The ascending reticular activating system (RAS) located in the upper brain stem is believed to contain special cells that maintain alertness and wakefulness. Infradian rhythms, not ultradian rhythms, occur in a cycle longer than 24 hours. Nonrapid eye movement refers to the sleep cycle that most clients experience in a low-stimulus environment. The bulbar synchronizing region is the area of the brain where serotonin is released to produce sleep. It is not responsible for REM sleep.