Answer to Question 1
ANS: 3
Florence Nightingale studied and implemented methods to improve battlefield sanitation, which ultimately reduced illness, infection, and mortality (Cohen, 1984). Today nurses are active in de-termining the best practices for skin care management, pain control, nutritional management, and care of older adults. Infection control and its impact on disease prevention was a major outcome of her contributions to nursing. Awareness of the connection between hospital-acquired infec-tions (nosocomial) and nursing practice is the best example of her nursing philosophy.
Nutritional management and its impact on client health, while important does not reflect the best option offered.
Pain management while a vital client concern does not represent the best option offered
While volunteering is certainly reflected in Nightingale's practice it is not the best option of-fered.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: 3
Nursing is an art and a science. As a professional nurse you will learn to deliver care artfully with compassion, caring, and a respect for each client's dignity and personhood. As a science, nursing is based on a body of knowledge that is continually changing with new discoveries and innova-tions. When you integrate the science and art of nursing into your practice, the quality of care you provide to your clients is at a level of excellence that benefits clients and their families.
Caring is one part of the art of nursing.
While the client is the focus of nursing practice, this focus is not the main contributor to quality care.