Answer to Question 1
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Making an assumption that all members of each culture are alike describes stereotypical behavior.
Rationale 2: Believing that all culture members have the same beliefs describes stereotypical behavior.
Rationale 3: Prejudice is a negative belief or preference that is generalized about a group, which leads to prejudgment. Prejudice occurs when the person making the judgment generalizes an experience of one individual from a culture to all members of that group.
Rationale 4: Taking general knowledge from literature and applying it to the situation is a form of stereotyping.
Answer to Question 2
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Culture is a learned behavior and depends on underlying societal traits, including knowledge, beliefs, art, law, morals, and customs.
Rationale 2: Religion may be defined by a system of beliefs, practices, and ethical values about divine or superhuman power and is closely related to ethnicity. Religion gives a person a frame of reference and a perspective with which to organize information.
Rationale 3: Ethnicity describes the traits and common religious customs and language of a group within the social system.
Rationale 4: Socialization is the process of being raised within a culture and acquiring the characteristics of that group.