Answer to Question 1
ANS: A
Patient satisfaction with the total patient care model is high, but total patient care is not cost-effective because it requires a large number of RNs to provide care. Total patient care involves an RN being responsible for all aspects of care for one or more patients. With the current shortage of nursing faculty and retirement of many practicing RNs, staffing enough RNs is a problem in many agencies. In the team nursing care model, the RN assumes the role of group or team leader and leads a team made up of other RNs, licensed vocational nurses, and nurse assistants or technicians. Primary nursing places RNs at the bedside more, assuming responsibility for a caseload of patients over time. This model, however, does not require an all-RN staff as is required for total patient care. Case management is a care approach that coordinates and links health care services to patients and families while streamlining costs.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: B
The decentralized management structure often has fewer directors, and managers are accountable around the clock for the operation of the unit. Centralized management involves having a single administrator and managers with minimal accountability for the unit operation. The matrix approach involves reorganization of hospital departments into business units.
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