Author Question: A nurse should instruct the parents of a 10-year-old child to keep which of the following ... (Read 16 times)

Arii_bell · **on:** Jul 23, 2018

A nurse should instruct the parents of a 10-year-old child to keep which of the following theoretical principles in mind when dealing with a behavioral problem at home?

a. Strategies that worked well with the first child will be equally as effective for the second child.
b. Encourage the child to volunteer some time at a local hospital to instill a sense of fulfillment.
c. Bargaining about chores in exchange for privileges may be an effective method of encouraging helpful activities.
d. Do not offer praise for accomplishments and punishment for behavioral issues.

Question 2

A formerly independent and active older adult becomes severely withdrawn upon admission to a nursing home. When approaching this patient, which intervention should the nurse plan first?

a. Offer a reward for participation in all events.
b. Encourage the patient to attend all social events scheduled for the patients.
c. Allow the patient to incorporate personal belongings into her room.
d. Advise the patient of the importance of attending mandatory activities.

Anonymous · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 23, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
In the concrete operations period, children begin to cooperate and share new information about the acts they perform. Parents will be able to adjust their approaches to guide the child into helpful activities within the home, such as bargaining about chores in exchange for privileges. With the birth of a second child, most parents find that the strategies that worked well with the first child no longer work at all. After birth, children grow according to their genetic blueprint and gain skills in an orderly fashion, but at each individual's own pace. The need for a sense of fulfillment is usually experienced by middle-aged adults, not children. School-aged children need praise to discourage a sense of inferiority; providing praise is the best choice for encouraging positive behaviors while nurturing growth and development.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
The older adult is in the mature thinking stages of development according to Piaget and Kohlberg. According to Gould, the older adult needs help in realistically appreciating his/her accomplishments and in fostering continued development. Erikson's theory proposes that the older adult faces integrity versus despair. To avoid despair, the nurse should allow the patient to actively participate in an independent activity, such as preparing his/her own room with personal belongings. Offering a reward does not address the need for continued independence. Encouraging participation in social events again does not address independence, and the question is asking for the best first intervention. Advising the patient to attend all mandatory activities as the first intervention does not allow for the patient's independence. Some activities may be mandatory, but by first allowing the patient to decorate her room, the nurse is fostering independence and is helping the patient feel welcome and more at home.