Florence Nightingale is noted to have provided the initial basis ...

[beccaep]

Florence Nightingale is noted to have provided the initial basis for evidence-based practice (EBP). She did this by: (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. basing her work in trial and error as well as observation.
  b. using statistical data as a basis for improvements.
  c. applying statistical methods such as pie charting to display results.
  d. focusing on bedside care and ignoring nursing education.
  e. publishing the first EBP journal.

Question 2

If the nurse is trying to determine the best treatment or course of action and wants to incorporate the most reliable evidence into the decision, the nurse will use a filtered resource such as:
 
  a. Cochrane Reviews.
  b. UpToDate.
  c. STATRef.
  d. MD Consult.

[rnehls]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A, B, C
Florence Nightingale, in her Notes on Nursing in 1859, outlined basic principles of nursing science. Nightingale's method of nursing included rigorous monitoring of the effectiveness of interventions and treatments. This provided the initial basis for EBP. Her work was based on trial and error, careful observation, discussion with patients, and clinical experience. She used statistical data to improve sanitation, health, nursing education, and health administration. Nightingale applied a statistical approach to the study of public health and mortality data and used a pie chart to display research findings. However, nursing did not publish its first EBP journal, Evidence-Based Nursing, until 1998.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
When trying to determine the best treatment or course of action and wanting to incorporate the most reliable evidence into the decision, the nurse can use a filtered resource such as the Cochrane Reviews or the Joanna Briggs Institute Library of Systematic Reviews. The filtered resource provides the best available evidence. In filtered resources, clinical and subject experts have asked a question and then synthesized evidence to establish conclusions based on the research. This pre-evaluation process is already completed for nurses and allows the resources to be used while caring for patients. The conclusions from filtered resources still need to be evaluated by clinicians in terms of a specific patient. Filtered resources produce systematic reviews of the literature. Nurses may encounter conditions outside their specialty area and need an overview. Background resources provide detailed information. If the nurse is looking for a presentation of information or types of therapies, the best source is a background resource. Background resources include UpToDate, STATRef, and MD Consult, which are web-based databases. Another source of background information is a current nursing textbook.

[beccaep]

TYSM

[bdobbins]

Excellent