Answer to Question 1
ANS: C
Drug distribution and equilibration rates are faster in children compared with adults. Therefore, a larger average dose per kg of body weight is needed to reach desired serum concentration levels.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: A
The albumin in neonates and infants has a lower binding capacity for certain drugs (e.g., pheny-toin, penicillin) compared with the binding capacity of mature albumin. Therefore more unbound drug is free to circulate and act. Thus it is possible that free drug levels will be high enough to produce adverse or toxic effects. To minimize the possibility of toxicity and to compensate for the shorter duration of drug action, it is often necessary to decrease the amount of the drug given and/or lengthen the time between doses.