A nurse is preparing to administer vaccines to a 1-year-old ...

[lak]

A nurse is preparing to administer vaccines to a 1-year-old child. The parents ask the nurse to give the child acetaminophen before administering the vaccine to reduce the pain. Which response by the nurse is correct?
 
  a. Children don't remember pain, so it isn't necessary to give acetaminophen.
  b. The small needles used to inject the vaccines cause hardly any discomfort.
  c. You can apply a topical anesthetic when you get home to reduce pain from the injection.
  d. Your child's response to the vaccine may not be as effective if I give acetaminophen.

Question 2

Which immune responses can result in harm to the body? (Select all that apply)
 
  a. Activation of the complement system
  b. Autoimmune response
  c. IgE binding to mast cells and basophils
  d. Opsonization
  e. Recognition of MHC molecules as nonself

[eliasc0401]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
Giving analgesic/antipyretic medications before or shortly after vaccines can reduce the immune response, so giving them to prevent pain or fever is not recommended. Children do remember pain, and it is important to provide other comfort measures and to give the injections rapidly. Small needles cause less discomfort, and it is important to reassure the parents about this; however, it is more important to explain why acetaminophen is not recommended. Topical anesthetics are useful before giving the injections, not afterwards.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B, C, E
The autoimmune response causes the immune system to attack the body's own cells. The hypersensitivity response, mediated by IgE, causes the release of harmful chemical mediators. Recognition of MHC molecules as nonself in a transplanted organ can cause organ rejection. Activation of the complement system causes a cascade of reactions that assist in the immune response. Opsonization is a process that assists with phagocytosis.

[lak]

Thank you!

[eliasc0401]

Always glad to help...