A nursing student asks why albuterol, which is selective for ...

[Caiter2013]

A nursing student asks why albuterol, which is selective for beta2 receptors, causes an increased heart rate in some patients. How does the nurse respond?
 
  a. Adrenergic agonists can lose their selectivity when given at higher doses.
  b. Bronchodilation lowers blood pressure, which causes a reflex tachycardia.
  c. Some patients metabolize the drug differently and have unusual side effects.
  d. Systemic effects are intensified with inhaled doses.

Question 2

A pregnant patient with diabetes and hypertension is given isoproterenol (Isuprel) to delay preterm labor. Which side effect might the nurse expect?
 
  a. Bronchospasm
  b. Decreased urine output
  c. Hyperglycemia
  d. Hypotension

[xoxo123]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
Although albuterol affects the beta2 receptors, at higher doses it may also activate beta1 receptors, causing an increase in the heart rate. Bronchodilation does not lower the blood pressure, and activation of beta1 receptors actually may increase it. Tachycardia is a common side effect. The inhaled route reduces the likelihood of systemic side effects.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
In diabetic patients, isoproterenol can cause hyperglycemia by promoting beta2-mediated glycogenolysis. It is also used to treat asthma and causes bronchodilation, not bronchospasm. It acts on beta1 receptors in the heart to increase cardiac output, which may increase urine output. It increases blood pressure.

[Caiter2013]

Excellent

[amit]

Gracias!