The nurse is teaching a patient about taking warfarin and asks if ...

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The nurse is teaching a patient about taking warfarin and asks if the patient takes aspirin. This assessment by the nurse reflects a knowledge of which type of drug interaction?
 
  a. Creation of unique effects
  b. Increased therapeutic effects
  c. Inhibitory effects
  d. Potentiative effects

Question 2

A patient asks why albuterol causes a feeling of jitteriness when it is used to treat wheezing.
 
  The nurse knows that albuterol is a beta-adrenergic agonist that acts on beta2 receptor sites to cause smooth muscle dilation in the bronchioles of the lungs, but that it also can sometimes act on beta1 receptor sites in skeletal muscles to cause tremors. To explain this to the patient, the nurse will rely on knowledge of:
  a. drug selectivity.
  b. modified occupancy theory.
  c. relative potency.
  d. reversible effects.

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
A potentiative effect is one in which one drug intensifies the effects of another. Both warfarin and aspirin suppress blood clotting, and the combination may increase the risk of bleeding, which is an intensified adverse effect. Creation of a unique effect is a rare occurrence in which the combination of two drugs creates a response not seen with either drug when given alone. Increased therapeutic effects are a type of potentiative effect; however, in this case the combination of two drugs would increase the desired effects. An inhibitory effect is a type of pharmacodynamic effect that occurs when an antagonist drug inhibits the action of an agonist drug at the same receptor site.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
The ability of a drug to be selective for receptor sites in a patient determines the types of effects it can have on the body. This drug can bind to two different types of receptors that cause different reactions. The modified occupancy theory addresses the strength of an attraction between a drug and a receptor and the drug's ability to activate the receptor. Relative potency describes the amount of drug needed to produce a specific effect. Most drugs remain bound to receptors permanently, causing the effects to be reversible.

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TYSM

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