Answer to Question 1
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Parietal cells secrete intrinsic factor.
Rationale 2: Secretions from parietal cells kill microbes that have been ingested.
Rationale 3: Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid.
Rationale 4: Chief cells, not parietal cells, secrete the enzyme pepsinogen.
Global Rationale: Parietal cells secrete gastric (hydrochloric) acid in the stomach, which provides a strongly acidic environment that promotes the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin, helps to break down food, and kills microbes that may have been ingested. Parietal cells also secrete intrinsic factor, which is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12. Pepsinogen is secreted by chief cells.
Answer to Question 2
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Many digestive enzymes are produced by the pancreas. A disorder of the pancreas may inhibit digestive enzymes and cause malnutrition.
Rationale 2: A client with pernicious anemia has a B12 deficiency.
Rationale 3: A client with the jaw wired closed is at risk for malnutrition due to the jaw's being wired, not from an enzyme deficiency.
Rationale 4: A client with a PEG tube will not be enzyme-deficient.
Global Rationale: Many digestive enzymes are produced by the pancreas. A disorder of the pancreas may inhibit digestive enzymes and cause malnutrition. A client with pernicious anemia has a B12 deficiency. A client with the jaw wired closed is at risk for malnutrition due to the jaw's being wired, not from an enzyme deficiency. A client with a PEG tube will not be enzyme-deficient.
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