Answer to Question 1
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Understanding how health care providers choose anti-infectives is not the primary focus of microbiology.
Rationale 2: The knowledge of bacteria and their classification assists in the management of anti-infective therapy.
Rationale 3: Being able to understand laboratory reports is a secondary goal.
Rationale 4: Understanding microbiology has a direct effect on client care and on the management of the infectious process.
Global Rationale: Because of the enormous number of bacterial species, several descriptive systems have been developed to simplify their study. It is important for nurses to learn these classification schemes, because drugs that are effective against one organism in a class are likely to be effective against other pathogens in the same class.
Answer to Question 2
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Bacteriostatic drugs slow the growth of bacteria.
Rationale 2: Potency refers to the strength of an antibiotic.
Rationale 3: Efficacy refers to effectiveness.
Rationale 4: Bacteriocidal drugs kill bacteria.
Global Rationale: Whether it is used for treating or preventing disease, the primary goal of anti-infective therapy is to assist the body in eliminating a pathogen. Drugs that accomplish this goal by killing bacteria are called bacteriocidal. Some drugs do not kill pathogens but instead slow their growth, allowing natural body defenses to eliminate the microorganisms. These growth-slowing drugs are called bacteriostatic.
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