During the nurse's assessment of a client with known Parkinson ...

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During the nurse's assessment of a client with known Parkinson disease, the onset of which finding would be cause for concern?
 
  1. Masklike expression
  2. Pill-rolling motion of the fingers
  3. Confusion
  4. Frequent falls

Question 2

The nurse is explaining to a client the imbalance of neurotransmitters in Parkinson disease.
 
  How will the nurse describe the relationship between acetylcholine and dopamine in the area of the brain that affects balance, posture, and involuntary muscle movement?
  1. Dopamine stimulates while acetylcholine inhibits this region.
  2. Both dopamine and acetylcholine inhibit this region of the brain.
  3. Both dopamine and acetylcholine stimulate this region of the brain.
  4. Dopamine inhibits and acetylcholine stimulates this region.

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Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: A masklike expression is a typical sign of Parkinson disease.
Rationale 2: Pill-rolling is a typical finding in the client with Parkinson disease.
Rationale 3: Confusion is not a sign typically seen in clients with Parkinson disease and would alert the nurse that further investigation into the cause of the confusion is warranted.
Rationale 4: Frequent falls can occur in the client with Parkinson disease because of postural instability.
Global Rationale: Confusion is not a sign typically seen in clients with Parkinson disease and would alert the nurse that further investigation into the cause of the confusion is warranted. A masklike expression and pill-rolling are typical signs of Parkinson disease. Frequent falls can occur in the client with Parkinson disease because of postural instability.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Dopamine is supplied to the corpus striatum by dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. Control of unconscious muscle movement depends on the balance between dopamine and acetylcholine in the corpus striatum. Persons with Parkinson disease have decreased levels of inhibitory dopamine and increased levels of stimulating acetylcholine.
Rationale 2: Dopamine is supplied to the corpus striatum by dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. Control of unconscious muscle movement depends on the balance between dopamine and acetylcholine in the corpus striatum. Persons with Parkinson disease have decreased levels of inhibitory dopamine and increased levels of stimulating acetylcholine.
Rationale 3: Dopamine is supplied to the corpus striatum by dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. Control of unconscious muscle movement depends on the balance between dopamine and acetylcholine in the corpus striatum. Persons with Parkinson disease have decreased levels of inhibitory dopamine and increased levels of stimulating acetylcholine.
Rationale 4: Dopamine is supplied to the corpus striatum by dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. Control of unconscious muscle movement depends on the balance between dopamine and acetylcholine in the corpus striatum. Persons with Parkinson disease have decreased levels of inhibitory dopamine and increased levels of stimulating acetylcholine.
Global Rationale: Dopamine is supplied to the corpus striatum by dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. Control of unconscious muscle movement depends on the balance between dopamine and acetylcholine in the corpus striatum. Persons with Parkinson disease have decreased levels of inhibitory dopamine and increased levels of stimulating acetylcholine.

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