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When blood is exposed to air, it clots. Heparin allows the blood to come in direct contact with air without clotting.
The immune system needs 9.5 hours of sleep in total darkness to recharge completely.
It is believed that the Incas used anesthesia. Evidence supports the theory that shamans chewed cocoa leaves and drilled holes into the heads of patients (letting evil spirits escape), spitting into the wounds they made. The mixture of cocaine, saliva, and resin numbed the site enough to allow hours of drilling.
The first oral chemotherapy drug for colon cancer was approved by FDA in 2001.
Certain rare plants containing cyanide include apricot pits and a type of potato called cassava. Fortunately, only chronic or massive ingestion of any of these plants can lead to serious poisoning.