A new patient comes to see the primary care NP with fever, mild ...

[bobypop]

A new patient comes to see the primary care NP with fever, mild dehydration, and dysuria with flank pain.
 
  The patient tells the NP that a previous provider always prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and wonders why a urine culture is necessary because this antibiotic has worked in the past. The NP should tell this patient that a culture is necessary to help determine: a. the correct dose of the antibiotic.
  b. whether antibiotic resistance is occurring.
  c. whether multiple organisms are causing infection.
  d. the length of antibiotic therapy needed to treat the infection.

Question 2

A patient has been taking an opioid analgesic for chronic pain and tells the primary care nurse practitioner (NP) that the medication doesn't work as well anymore. The NP should suspect drug:
 
  a. addiction.
  b. tolerance.
  c. modulation.
  d. dependence.

[jomama]

Answer to Question 1

B
Antibiotic resistance can occur when bacteria are repeatedly exposed to antibiotic agents. Even though a particular antibiotic is effective for a certain type of infection, resistance can occur, and another antibiotic may be necessary. A culture and sensitivity test is essential for choosing the right antibiotic. The culture and sensitivity test does not help determine the dose or the length of therapy.

Answer to Question 2

B
Tolerance is characterized by decreasing drug effect over time, meaning that more drug is needed to achieve the same effect. Addiction is an overwhelming obsession with obtaining and using a drug for nonmedically approved purposes. Dependence is the development of abstinence syndrome or withdrawal symptoms.

[bobypop]

TYSM

[bblaney]

Excellent