What does Simpson's Paradox teach us?
a. The nature of an association can reverse direction when data from several groups are combined to form a single group.
b. Omitting a third variable can mask the true relationship between two categorical variables.
c. It is dangerous to summarize information over groups, especially if the individuals were not randomly assigned to those groups.
d. All of the above.
Question 2
One of the common ways the media misrepresent statistics about risk is that the reported risk is not necessarily your risk. What is the underlying problem that causes this?
a. Not establishing a causal link between the variables.
b. Confounding variables, which may differ for you and those in the study.
c. Unless you personally participated in the study, your personal risk cannot be calculated.
d. Since risks describe what proportion of the population will encounter a certain situation, they cannot be used to find any individual's chances of encountering that situation.
Spur-winged Goose - De Hoop Nature Reserve, South Africa
These monolithic figures from Easter Island suggest the contemplative nature of philosophy, which ca
Reverse Osmosis Schematic Diagram
Shingles effleurage with hands parallel to the spine and to the direction of movement.
Simpson's Puzzle
Reverse genetics by TILLING