Answer to Question 1
According to the U.S. Department of Labor, in developing this comprehensive and far-reaching piece of legislation, congress considered the following statistics:
Every year, an average of 14,000 deaths were caused by workplace accidents.
Every year, 2.5 million workers were disabled in workplace accidents.
Every year, approximately 300,000 new cases of occupational diseases were reported.
Clearly, a comprehensive, uniform law was needed to help reduce the incidence of work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths. The OSHAct addressed this need. It is contained in Title 29 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 1900 through 1910 . The act also established the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which is part of the U.S. Department of Labor and is responsible for administering the OSHAct.
Answer to Question 2
Temporary disability is the state that exists when it is probable that an injured worker, who is currently unable to work, will be able to resume gainful employment with no or only partial disability. Temporary disability assumes that the employee's condition will substantially improve. A permanent total disability exists when an injured employee's disability is such that he or she cannot compete in the job market. This does not necessarily mean that the employee is helpless. Rather, it means an inability to compete reasonably. Handling permanent total disability cases is similar to handling permanent partial disability cases except that certain injuries simplify the process.
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