Which of the following is an advantage of within-subjects designs ...

[Evvie72]

Which of the following is an advantage of within-subjects designs over between-subjects designs?
 
  a. carry-over effects are more likely
   b. they require fewer participants
  c. they have less power
  d. confounding is less likely
  e. participants are assigned to conditions randomly

Question 2

Research by the psychologist Anthony Little revealed that women who use contraceptives choose men who look more macho than do women not using contraceptives.
 
  In order to conclude that contraceptive use is a causal variable here, we have to rule out other possible variables as causing the behavior. Ruling out other effects involves which principle of establishing causation?
  a. covariance rule.
  b. internal validity rule.
  c. causal ambiguity rule.
  d. temporal precedence rule.

[meltdown117]

Answer to Question 1

B

Answer to Question 2

B

[Evvie72]

Excellent

[dreamfighter72]

TYSM