Jonathan performs an independent-groups t test analysis on his data and finds a calculated t value of +7.26, p < .05. In terms of this result, which of the following statements is true?
a. This effect is much stronger than if the t value had turned out to be 7.26.
b. Jonathan's study must have utilized an independent variable with 3 levels or groups.
c. The results of this study did not turn out to be statistically significant.
d. The probability of committing a Type I error is less than 5.
Question 2
If a psychologist is worried that a small sample will not reveal a real difference among groups, he or she might decide to increase the sample size. This concern is likely to be real when
a. the effect size is large.
b. groups are homogeneous.
c. other researchers have replicated earlier results.
d. participants are very different from one another on the behavior of interest.
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