In manipulating independent variables, which types of variables involve variations in the directions that participants receive prior to the study?
a. Environmental variables
b. Instructional variables
c. Task or activity variables
d. Invasive variables
Question 2
When examining the omnibus results of an ANOVA, researchers will often carry out __________ in order to examine differences among means.
a. contrast analyses
b. post hoc comparisons
c. nonparametric analyses
d. McNemar tests
