Answer to Question 1
Several possibilities: (a) The rotational axes of Uranus and Pluto are substantially tilted. (b) Venus rotates backward, that is, clockwise. (c) Unlike other terrestrial planets, Earth has a large moon. (d) Some of the moons of the jovian planets orbit in the opposite direction.
Answer to Question 2
The older the cluster is, the farther down the main sequence the turn-off point to the giant stage will fall, and the fewer of the hot blue stars to the top left of the H-R diagram will be left. For the oldest clusters, red supergiants will be their brightest members; the more massive blue stars either evolved or exploded.