Answer to Question 1
Most are found by their gravity pulling their stars enough to create observed Doppler shifts as the planets orbit their stars. A few have also been seen to transit the disks of their stars, with drops in the star's light seen in photometers.
Answer to Question 2
Cassini has found a surprisingly active geology on many Saturn moons, e.g. Enceladus. The Huygens probe landed on Titan and photographed hills, valleys, and possibly rivers. It showed pictures of ice rocks on the surface of the planet and its soft landing suggested a slushy ice/rock surface. Radar mapping of Titan showed what appear to be lakes of liquid methane and ethane and Cassini has also photographed Saturn's rings and the gap moons in great detail.
Three Traditional Methods of Detecting Exoplanets
Different ways to test hypotheses
Describe the development of atherosclerosis, including its role in the risk of heart disease
One of the best ways to reduce your chances of catching a cold
Orbits of the Planets
Describe the Conceptual Forecasting Framework in your own words.