Explain how bottom-up and top-down processing can combine to ...

[WWatsford]

Explain how bottom-up and top-down processing can combine to supply missing pieces of information during language processing.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

What do the tip-of-the-tongue states reveal about phonological encoding?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[xiazhe]

Answer to Question 1

Answer: Bottom-up processing provides the perceptual information necessary for combining phonemes into morphemes and morphemes into words. When certain sounds are missing, top-down processing can substitute sounds for the missing pieces of information with context appropriate information until an appropriate match is found.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: TOT reveals that choosing a word and retrieving its pronunciation are two distinct stages of processing.

[WWatsford]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[nyrave]

Gracias!