Answer to Question 1
Answer: With the random search (or generate and test) heuristic, the problem solver picks moves and evaluates the outcome on a trial and error basis. With the hill climbing heuristic, she looks one step ahead and picks the move that most closely resembles the goal state. With means-ends analysis, the problem is broken down into subproblems until a solution to the subproblem is found.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: Structure mapping theory (SMT) has two stages. In the first stage, long-term memory is searched for potential sources that have features similar to the target. This is a relatively broad search based on surface features. In the second stage, the matches between the source and target found from the first stage are evaluated for structural similarities.
