How can a nucleus be described by particular values of A, Z and N when the mass of the nucleus is not equal to Zmp + Nmn, where mp and mn are the masses of free protons and neutrons?
a. A, Z and N have no intrinsic meaning.
b. A, Z and N describe the number of particles of given types, but mass has no meaning when part of the mass is elsewhere in the universe. c. A, Z and N describe the number of particles an ideal rather than a real nucleus would have. d. A, Z and N describe the number of particles of given types in the nucleus, but not their masses in a bound state. e. A, Z and N describe the number of particles of given types in the nucleus since the missing mass consists of electrons that are also present in the nucleus.
Question 2
It is often possible to use atomic masses when calculating the binding energy of a nucleus. This is not true for calculating the Q value for the e+ decay process since
a. the electron masses do not cancel.
b. a positron is an antiparticle. c. the electron masses cancel.
d. the mass of a positron cannot be neglected when compared to the mass of a nucleus.
e. none of the above.
The nucleus of Halley's Comet, taken by the Giotto probe in 1986
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