Chlorine, Image, is a gas at room temperature, but bromine, Image, is a liquid. Explain.
A) Chlorine atoms are larger and this makes the formation of induced dipole-induced dipole attractions more favorable.
B) Bromine atoms are larger and this makes the formation of induced dipole-induced dipole attractions more favorable.
C) The smaller chlorine molecules are able to pack together in a tighter physical orientation.
D) The bromine ions are held together by ionic bonds.
Question 2
Why is calcium fluoride, CaImage, a high melting point crystalline solid while stannic chloride, Image, is a volatile liquid?
A) There is no theory to predict the physical property of melting point. Melting point temperatures are empirically determined.
B) Actually, we would predict these results to be the opposite. Since each metal is combined with a group 17 halogen, the heavier metal (tin) combination should have the higher melting point.
C) CaImage is a small, linear, non-polar molecule, while Image is a huge tetrahedral structure. Therefore the bonds in calcium fluoride tend to give it a higher melting point temperature.
D) Ionic compounds formed by elements on opposite sides of the periodic table, like Image, tend to have higher melting points than more covalently bonded structures, like Image.
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