Research on the base rate in connection with the representativeness heuristic has demonstrated that
a. people pay too much attention to the base rate in making probability judgments.
b. people often reach the correct decision when the question is worded differently.
c. training sessions are generally unsuccessful at getting students to use base-rate information appropriately.
d. the conjunction fallacy explains why people pay so little attention to the base rate.
Question 2
Suppose that a doctor decides that a patient has a cold, rather than a much rarer disease, Disease X. She decides the disease is a cold, even though one symptom is fairly typical of Disease X and fairly atypical of a cold. This doctor is
a. paying attention to the base rate of the diseases.
b. showing the confirmation bias.
c. demonstrating the small-sample fallacy.
d. combining the availability heuristic with the representativeness heuristic.
Appendectomy. The appendix and cecum are brought through the incision to the surface of the abdomen.
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