Constructivism is best understood as a philosophical approach that:
a. assumes there is no objective reality beyond that which is constructed by individuals.
b. is similar to positivism or empiricism insofar as it regards some knowledge as independent of the knower.
c. asserts that we discover reality through particular attention to our sensory experiences.
d. attempts to identify extralinguistic reality or the fixed language of established meanings in any sociocultural context.
Question 2
In general, constructivist therapies have which of the following features in common?
a. A focus on family process; emphasis on construction of a family genogram; provision of long-term treatments over the life cycle
b. Long-term approach; focus on client strengths and resources; collaboration between therapist and clients to explore solutions to problems
c. 10 sessions or less; focus on client's natural resources and strengths to facilitate change; emphasize client's unique, subjective perspective
d. 16-40 sessions; rapid identification of multiple causes of client problems; emphasize multiple possible approaches to problem resolution
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