Author Question: Chapter 5 describes a study by Viorica Marian and Caitlin Fausey, who studied English-Spanish ... (Read 36 times)

jlmhmf · **on:** Jun 20, 2018

Chapter 5 describes a study by Viorica Marian and Caitlin Fausey, who studied English-Spanish bilinguals. They presented two stories in English and two stories in Spanish.

Then the researchers asked questions about the stories, sometimes in English and sometimes in Spanish. The results showed that
a. there were no significant differences between conditions, demonstrating that encoding-specificity effect is weak.
b. people were more accurate in the English-English condition, compared to the Spanish-Spanish condition.
c. people were more accurate in the Spanish-Spanish condition, compared to the English-English condition.
d. people were more accurate when the language of the stories matched the language of the questions.

Question 2

Foley and her colleagues (1999) proposed that the research on self-reference may actually underestimate the magnitude of the self-reference effect. They reached this conclusion because

a. participants typically process items at a shallow level of processing, even when they are instructed to use deep processing.
b. the meta-analysis of the data on the self-reference effect demonstrates that this technique is not especially helpful.
c. participants cannot really relate items to their own lives.
d. the participants reported that they had often used self-reference processing, even when they had received other instructions.