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People with alcoholism are at a much greater risk of malnutrition than are other people and usually exhibit low levels of most vitamins (especially folic acid). This is because alcohol often takes the place of 50% of their daily intake of calories, with little nutritional value contained in it.
Sildenafil (Viagra®) has two actions that may be of consequence in patients with heart disease. It can lower the blood pressure, and it can interact with nitrates. It should never be used in patients who are taking nitrates.
In 1864, the first barbiturate (barbituric acid) was synthesized.
In most cases, kidneys can recover from almost complete loss of function, such as in acute kidney (renal) failure.
For pediatric patients, intravenous fluids are the most commonly cited products involved in medication errors that are reported to the USP.