During tax season, there are a number of tax-preparation companies that provide immediate tax rebates, but take a substantial percentage of the total refund as a service fee. So, if someone were to receive a refund by mail, it might take several weeks (but the amount of money would be larger) whereas if that individual uses the immediate refund service, the amount of money is reduced but is received immediately. Individuals' willingness to pay steep fees to get their refunds immediately is consistent with:
A) the Ainslie-Rachlin model.
B) Skinner's model of countercontrol.
C) Bandura's reciprocal determinism.
D) the Rescorla-Wagner model.
Question 2
If you ask a student to choose between getting an A at the end of a course or getting a D and a beer at the end of the course, most students would choose the former. If you ask students to choose between studying right now or going to a bar right now, however, many will choose the latter. According to the _____ model, this can be explained by the _____ value of a small reward when it is _____.
A) Ainslie-Rachlin; increasing; far away
B) Ainslie-Rachlin; increasing; imminent
C) controlled-response; decreasing; far away
D) controlled-response; increasing; imminent
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