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It is believed that the Incas used anesthesia. Evidence supports the theory that shamans chewed cocoa leaves and drilled holes into the heads of patients (letting evil spirits escape), spitting into the wounds they made. The mixture of cocaine, saliva, and resin numbed the site enough to allow hours of drilling.
Once thought to have neurofibromatosis, Joseph Merrick (also known as "the elephant man") is now, in retrospect, thought by clinical experts to have had Proteus syndrome. This endocrine disease causes continued and abnormal growth of the bones, muscles, skin, and so on and can become completely debilitating with severe deformities occurring anywhere on the body.
Nearly 31 million adults in America have a total cholesterol level that is more than 240 mg per dL.
Thyroid conditions cause a higher risk of fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome.
Most childhood vaccines are 90–99% effective in preventing disease. Side effects are rarely serious.