Answer to Question 1
Students can write about the following invasive species given in the book, or, if the instructor allows, other they may know about: kudzu vines, Asian carp, starlings, zebra mussels.
Answer to Question 2
The text describes how many environmental problems intensify due to trade-offs between individual and social priorities. For instance, few people dispute the undesirability of air and water pollution, yet a factory owner may calculate a reduction of production costs if industrial wastes are dumped into nearby streams and lakes. Even though it may be illegal, the factory owner may rationalize the pollution since one factory causes little or no increase in overall pollution. Yet if everyone is willing to think this way and pollute for short-term benefits, then we wind up with polluted water and everyone suffers.