Answer to Question 1
Since World War II, an increasing proportion of the poor in the United States has been female; many of these poor Americans are divorced or never-married mothers. This alarming trend has come to be known as the feminization of poverty. Female-headed families are much more likely to be poor and their income deficit relative to being non-poor is much greater than other types of poor families.
Poor women share many social characteristics with poor men: low educational attainment, lack of market-relevant job skills, and residence in economically deteriorating areas. However, conflict theorists believe that the higher rates of poverty among women can be traced to two distinct causes: Sex discrimination and sexual harassment on the job place women at a clear disadvantage when seeking vertical social mobility.
The burden of supporting a family is especially difficult for single mothers, not only because of low salaries but also because of inadequate child support. Displaced homemakers are defined as women whose primary occupation had been homemaking but who did not find full-time employment after being divorced, separated, or widowed. Single mothers and displaced homemakers tend to work in service jobs, which offer low wages, few benefits, part-time work, and little job security. Moreover, single mothers and displaced homemakers are also more likely to have an unstable housing situation, including frequent changes of residence.
Many feminists feel that the continuing dominance of the political system by men contributes to government indifference to the problem of poor women.
Answer to Question 2
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