Answer to Question 1
ANS: D
FEEDBACK: Adolescents who developed trust, autonomy, initiative, and industriousness (adaptive ways of coping) in the first four stages of psychosocial development displayed a high level of identity cohesion rather than role confusion. Adolescents who had not resolved their identity crisis and who experienced role confusion had not developed adaptive ways of coping in the earlier stages.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: B
FEEDBACK: A study using the Inventory of Psychosocial Development, a test designed to assess adaptive and maladaptive development in Erikson's first six stages, found a significant relationship between happiness and adaptive development at each stage. Another study showed a high correlation between maladaptive development in the first six stages and a sense of alienation and uprootedness.