Author Question: Frederick Lawrence argues that criminals motivated by bias deserve to be punished more severely than ... (Read 144 times)

renzo156 · **on:** Aug 12, 2018

Frederick Lawrence argues that criminals motivated by bias deserve to be punished more severely than those who commit identical crimes for other motives. Why is this so?

a. Bias crimes are more likely to be violent and result in serious physical injury to the victim.
b. Bias crimes harm not only the victim but also the target community..
c. Bias crimes violate the shared value of equality among citizens.
d. Bias crimes should be punished more severely for all these reasons.

Question 2

What is not among the policy-based initiatives based on premises of developmental theory presented in the text?

a. Teaching parents disciplinary techniques that stress firmness and consistency
b. Teaching parents about the risk and protective factors for substance abuse
c. Strengthening children's social-emotional competence and positive coping skills
d. Holding offenders accountable to victims and ensuring community safety.