Bivens actions are: a. constitutional tort actions against ...

[yoooooman]

Bivens actions are:
 
  a. constitutional tort actions against federal officers.
  b. prohibited against officials who act under color of authority.
  c. not required to show unreasonable legal action by the defendants.
  d. banned against federal officials.

Question 2

Under common law, if a royal judge successfully applied a ruling in a number of different cases and published that ruling in order that other judges could apply the ruling in their subsequent decisions, the ruling would become:
 
  a. a precedent. c. statutory law.
  b. a royal order. d. a key decision.

[vkodali]

Answer to Question 1

a

Answer to Question 2

A

[yoooooman]

Thank you!

[vkodali]

Always glad to help...