Answer to Question 1
Behavior modification is used in many institutions. It is based on the theory that all behavior is learned and that current behavior can be shaped through rewards and punishments.
This type of program is easily used in an institutional setting that offers privileges as rewards for behaviors such as work, study, or the development of skills.
It is reasonably effective, especially when a contract is formed with the youth to modify certain behaviors.
When youths know what is expected of them, they plan their actions to meet these expectations and then experience the anticipated consequences. In this way, youths can be motivated to change.
Behavior modification is effective in controlled settings where a counselor can manipulate the situation, but once the youth is back in the real world it becomes difficult to use.
Student responses will vary.
Answer to Question 2
b
Top down view of Olympus Mons, the highest known mountain in the solar system
Areas of Referred Pain, Posterior View
A Midsagittal View of Part of the Brain
B. F. Skinner documented how operant conditioning changes behavior.
Skull Anterior View