Answer to Question 1
FALSE
Answer to Question 2
One aspect of deterrence that seems to have an impact on juveniles is shame, embarrassment and social disgrace: if kids fear being rejected by family and peers they will be reluctant to engage in deviant behavior.
Kids who say that they would be ashamed if their involvement in crime becomes public are less likely to offend than those not so easily embarrassed.
While shame can be a powerful deterrent, young offenders also seem to be influenced by forgiveness and acceptance.
They are less likely to repeat their delinquent acts if victims are willing to grant them forgiveness.
The fear of exposure and consequent shaming may vary according to the cohesiveness of community structure and the type of crime.
Informal sanctions may be most effective in highly unified areas where everyone knows one another and the crime cannot be hidden from public view.
The threat of informal sanctions seems to have the greatest influence on instrumental crimes, which involve planning, and not on impulsive or expressive criminal behaviors or those associated with substance abuse.
Student views will vary.