According to the Supreme Court opinion in Manson v. Braithwaite (1977), involving identifying a man from a single photograph whom the identifier had seen only once in poor light for several minutes:
a. such evidence must always be excluded if it is suggestive.
b. reliability is the linchpin in determining the admissibility of identification testimony.
c. photographic identification procedures are per se unconstitutional.
d. no identification based on a single photograph is ever reliable.
Question 2
According to the Supreme Court, show-ups are:
a. so suggestive that they are always unconstitutional.
b. permissible if they do not result in a very substantial likelihood of misidentification.
c. unconstitutional if the police could have reasonably been able to set up a lineup instead.
d. are permissible only if defense counsel is present when they are conducted.
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