Answer to Question 1
a
Answer to Question 2
In general, a prison is a facility designed to house people convicted of felonies
o for lengthy periods of time, while a jail is authorized to hold pretrial detainees and offenders who have committed misdemeanors.
Although jails still serve this purpose, they have evolved to play a number of
o different roles in the corrections system, including the following:
Receiving individuals pending arraignment and holding them while awaiting trial (if they cannot post bail), conviction, and/or sentencing.
Temporarily detaining juveniles pending transfer to juvenile authorities.
Holding the mentally ill pending transfer to health facilities.
Detaining those who have violated conditions of probation or parole and those
who have jumped bail.
Operating community-based corrections programs such as home confinement and electronic monitoring.
Housing inmates awaiting transfer to federal or state prisons.