Answer to Question 1
Elements include probation, incarceration in prison or jail, and community-based corrections.
Probation is the most common correctional treatment that allows the offender to return to the community and remain under the supervision of an agent of the court: the offender must abide by the rules of the court.
Prisons and jails are both means of incarcerating offenders. Jails house those awaiting trial or transfer and those who have been convicted of offenses punishable by less than 1 year of incarceration. Prisons house offenders who have been convicted of felony crimes punishable by more than 1 year of incarceration.
Community-based corrections include services offered through halfway houses, residential centers, and work-release facilities in allowing for incarceration, but also some time within the community.
Answer to Question 2
Ethics are the moral principles that govern a person's perception of right and wrong. Ethics in criminal justice are closely related to the concept of justice. Criminal justice professionals are representatives of the state and are obligated to treated individuals ethically.
Professionals can act unethically if they treat individuals unjustly. Justice requires that there must be fairness in the processes designed to determine whether individuals are guilty of wrongdoing.
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